Answer:
    = 51.72%
Explanation: Use the formula
percentage by mass of water
          = (molar mass of water / molar mass of MgCO3.5H2O) x 100
Molar mass of MgCO3.5H2O = 24+12+(16X3)+[5(2+16)
                         =36+48+90
                         =174g/mol
Molar mass of water 5H2O =5(2 + 16)
                       =5X18
                       =90
Therefore percentage of water = (90/174) x 100
                          = 51.72%
Note the molar masses: Mg = 24, C = 12, O = 16, H = 1
The percent of the water by mass extracted from magnesium carbonate pentahydrate in space is 51.72%.
The percent mass of water in the compound is given by:
[tex]\rm percent \;mass=\dfrac{mass\;of\;water}{mass\;of\;compound}\;\times\;100[/tex]
The mass of magnesium carbonate pentahydrate is 174 grams.
The compound is composed of 5 water units. The mass of 1 water unit is 18 grams. The mass of 5 water units is:
[tex]\rm 1\;H_2O=18\;g\\5\;H_2O=18\;\times\;5\;g\\5\;H_2O=90\;g[/tex]
The percent mass of water in magnesium carbonate pentahydrate is given as:
[tex]\rm percent\;mass=\dfrac{90}{174}\;\times\;100\\ percent\;mass=0.5172\;\times\;100\\percent\;mass=51.72\;\%[/tex]
The percent mass of water in magnesium carbonate pentahydrate is 51.72%.
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