Answer:
a) 0.1003
b) 35.26
c) 21.92
d) Middle 80% smallest 10% and largest 10% = 20.02 and 39.98
Step-by-step explanation:
Given that: mean ц = 30 , standard deviation δ = 7.8
a) P(x ≤ 20)
  = P [ (x - ц ) / δ  ≤  ( 20 -30) / 7.8 ]
  = P(z ≤ -1.28)
  = 0.1003
probability = 0.1003
b) 75th percentile
  P(Z < z) = 0.75
  z = 0.674
Using z-score formula
  x = z * δ + ц
  x = 0.674 * 7.8 + 30
  x = 35.26
c) 15th percentile
  P(Z < z) = 0.15
  z = -1.036
Using z-score formula
  x = z * δ + ц
  x = (-1.036) * 7.8 + 30
  x = 21.92
d) Middle 80%
  P(-z ≤ Z ≤ z) = 0.80
  P(Z ≤ z) - P(Z ≤ -z) = 0.80
  2P(Z ≤ z) - 1 = 0.80
  2P(Z ≤ z) = 1 + 0.80 = 1.80
  P(Z ≤ z) = 1.80 / 2 = 0.90
  P(Z ≤ ± 1.28) = 0.90
  z =  -1.28, + 1.28
  x = z * δ + ц
  x = (-1.28) * 7.8 + 30
  x = 20.02
  x = z * δ + ц
  x = 1.28 * 7.8 + 30
  x = 39.98
Middle 80% two values = 20.02 and 39.98
smallest 10%
P(Z < z) = 0.10
z = -1.28
Using z-score formula
x = z * δ + ц
x = ( -1.28) * 7.8 + 30
x = 20.02
largest 10%
P(Z > z ) = 0.10
1 - P(z < z) = 0.10
P(z < z) = 1 - 0.10 = 0.90
z = 1.28
Using z-score formula
x = z * δ + ц
x = (1.28) * 7.8 + 30
x = 39.98